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Grammatical article in English

The () is a grammatical article in English language, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. The is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts take found it to business relationship for vii pct of all printed English-language words.^[1] Information technology is derived from gendered articles in Former English which combined in Middle English language and now has a single form used with pronouns of whatsoever gender.^[a] The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is unlike from many other languages, which have dissimilar forms of the definite commodity for dissimilar genders or numbers.

Pronunciation

In most dialects, "the" is pronounced as /ðə/ (with the voiced dental fricative /ð/ followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as /ðiː/ (homophone of pronoun thee) when followed by a vowel audio or used every bit an emphatic grade.^[2]

Modernistic American and New Zealand English take an increasing tendency to limit usage of /ðiː/ pronunciation and apply /ðə/, even before a vowel.^{[3] [4]}

Sometimes the word "the" is pronounced /ðiː/, with stress, to emphasise that something is unique: "he is the expert", not simply "an" expert in a field.

Adverbial

Definite article principles in English are described under "Use of manufactures". The, as in phrases like "the more the meliorate", has a distinct origin and etymology and by chance has evolved to exist identical to the definite article.^[5]

Article

The and that are common developments from the same Old English system. One-time English had a definite article se (in the masculine gender), sēo (feminine), and þæt (neuter). In Middle English, these had all merged into þe, the ancestor of the Modern English discussion the.^[6]

Geographic usage

An surface area in which the use or not-use of the is sometimes problematic is with geographic names:

• notable natural landmarks – rivers, seas, mount ranges, deserts, island groups (archipelagoes) and so on – are by and large used with a "the" definite article (the Rhine, the North Sea, the Alps, the Sahara, the Hebrides).
• continents, individual islands, authoritative units and settlements generally practice not take a "the" article (Europe, Jura, Republic of austria (only the Republic of Austria), Scandinavia, Yorkshire (just the County of York), Madrid).
• kickoff with a common noun followed by of may take the article, every bit in the Isle of Wight or the Isle of Portland (compare Christmas Island), same applies to names of institutions: Cambridge University, but the Academy of Cambridge.
• Some place names include an article, such as the Bronx, The Oaks, The Rock, The Birches, The Harrow, The Rower, The Swan, The Valley, The Farrington, The Quarter, The Plains, The Dalles, The Forks, The Village, The Hamlet (NJ), The Village (OK), The Villages, The Village at Castle Pines, The Woodlands, The Pas, the Vatican, The Hyde, the West End, the East End, The Hague, or the Metropolis of London (but London). Formerly e.yard. Bath, Devizes or White Plains.^[vii]
• generally described singular names, the Northward Island (New Zealand) or the Due west State (England), take an article.

Countries and territorial regions are notably mixed, about exclude "the" merely there are some that attach to secondary rules:

• derivations from commonage common nouns such as "kingdom", "republic", "spousal relationship", etc.: the Primal African Republic, the Dominican Republic, the The states, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Marriage, the United Arab Emirates, including most country total names:^{[viii] [9]} the Czechia (but Czech republic), the Russian Federation (but Russia), the Principality of Monaco (just Monaco), the State of Israel (just State of israel) and the Australia (just Australia).^{[10] [xi] [12]}
• countries in a plural noun: the Netherlands, the Falkland Islands, the Faroe Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Philippines, the Comoros, the Republic of the maldives, the Seychelles, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and The Bahamas.
• Singular derivations from "island" or "state" that hold administrative rights – Greenland, England, Christmas Island and Norfolk Island – practise not take a "the" definite commodity.
• derivations from mountain ranges, rivers, deserts, etc., are sometimes used with an article, even for atypical, (the Lebanese republic, the Sudan, the Yukon, the Congo).^[13] This usage is in decline, The The gambia remains recommended whereas employ of the Argentine for Argentina is considered former-fashioned. Ukraine is occasionally referred to as the Ukraine, a usage that was common during the 20th Century, perchance originating with Ukrainian immigrant scholars not fluent in English referring to the land as so.^[fourteen] Sudan (but the Republic of the Sudan) and South Sudan (but the Republic of South Sudan) are written nowadays without the article.

Abbreviations

Since "the" is i of the most frequently used words in English, at diverse times short abbreviations for it take been plant:

• Barred thorn: the primeval abbreviation, it is used in manuscripts in the Old English. Information technology is the letter þ with a assuming horizontal stroke through the ascender, and it represents the discussion þæt, significant "the" or "that" (neuter nom. / acc.).
• þͤ and þͭ (þ with a superscript e or t) appear in Middle English language manuscripts for "þe" and "þat" respectively.
• yͤ and yͭ are developed from þͤ and þͭ and appear in Early Modern manuscripts and in impress (meet Ye form).

Occasional proposals have been made past individuals for an abridgement. In 1916, Legros & Grant included in their classic printers' handbook Typographical Printing-Surfaces, a proposal for a letter similar to Ħ to represent "Th", thus abbreviating "the" to ħe.^[15]

In Middle English, the (þe) was frequently abbreviated as a þ with a minor eastward above it, like to the abridgement for that, which was a þ with a pocket-size t to a higher place it. During the latter Heart English and Early Modern English periods, the letter of the alphabet thorn (þ) in its common script, or cursive class, came to resemble a y shape. As a result, the use of a y with an eastward above information technology () every bit an abbreviation became mutual. This can nevertheless be seen in reprints of the 1611 edition of the King James Version of the Bible in places such every bit Romans 15:29, or in the Mayflower Meaty. Historically, the article was never pronounced with a y sound, even when and so written.

The word "The" itself, capitalised, is used as an abbreviation in Democracy countries for the honorific championship "The Correct Honourable", as in e.g. "The Earl Mountbatten of Burma", brusque for "The Correct Honourable Earl Mountbatten of Burma", or "The Prince Charles".^[xvi]

References

1. ^ Norvig, Peter. "English language Letter of the alphabet Frequency Counts: Mayzner Revisited".
2. ^ "the – definition". Merriam Webster Online Dictionary.
3. ^ Ladefoged, Peter; Johnson, Keith (2010). A Grade in Phonetics (6th ed.). Boston: Wadsworth. p. 110.
4. ^ Hay, Jennifer (2008). New Zealand English . Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 44.
5. ^ "the, adv.1." OED Online. Oxford University Press, March 2016. Web. 11 March 2016.
6. ^ "The and That Etymologies". Online Etymology Dictionary . Retrieved xviii June 2015.
7. ^ "Why is it called The Hague?".
8. ^ "Countries: Designations and abbreviations to use".
9. ^ "FAO Country Profiles". www.fao.org.
10. ^ "Using 'the' with the Names of Countries".
11. ^ "List of Countries, Territories and Currencies".
12. ^ "UNGEGN Earth Geographical Names".
13. ^ Swan, Michael How English language Works, p. 25
14. ^ Ukraine or "the Ukraine"? past Andrew Gregorovich, infoukes.com
15. ^ "Missed Opportunity for Ligatures".
16. ^ 'The Prefix "The"'. In Titles and Forms of Address, 21st ed., pp. 8–nine. A & C Blackness, London, 2002.

Notes

1. ^ masculine, feminine, or neuter.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The

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